รหัสสถานะ HTTP
อ้างอิงรหัสสถานะการตอบสนอง HTTP ฉบับสมบูรณ์
1xx Informational
| Code | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 100 | Continue | The server has received the request headers and the client should proceed to send the request body. |
| 101 | Switching Protocols | The server agrees to switch protocols as requested by the client (e.g., HTTP to WebSocket). |
| 102 | Processing | The server has received and is processing the request, but no response is available yet (WebDAV). |
| 103 | Early Hints | Used to return some response headers before final HTTP message; allows the client to start preloading resources. |
2xx Success
| Code | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | OK | The request was successful. The response body contains the requested data. |
| 201 | Created | The request was successful and a new resource was created. Typically returned after POST requests. |
| 202 | Accepted | The request has been accepted for processing, but processing has not been completed yet. |
| 203 | Non-Authoritative Information | The response is a modified version of the origin server's response, provided by a proxy or cache. |
| 204 | No Content | The request was successful but there is no content to return. Common after DELETE or PUT requests. |
| 205 | Reset Content | The request was successful. The client should reset the document view (e.g., clear a form). |
| 206 | Partial Content | The server is delivering only part of the resource due to a Range header sent by the client. |
| 207 | Multi-Status | The response body contains multiple status codes for multiple independent operations (WebDAV). |
| 208 | Already Reported | Members of a DAV binding have already been enumerated and will not be included again (WebDAV). |
| 226 | IM Used | The server has fulfilled a GET request for the resource and the response is a result of instance manipulations. |
3xx Redirection
| Code | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 300 | Multiple Choices | The request has multiple possible responses. The client should choose one of them. |
| 301 | Moved Permanently | The URL of the requested resource has been changed permanently. Future requests should use the new URL. |
| 302 | Found | The URI of requested resource has been changed temporarily. Future requests should still use the original URI. |
| 303 | See Other | The server redirects the client to a different resource using a GET request, usually after a POST. |
| 304 | Not Modified | The cached version of the resource is still valid. The client can use the cached version. |
| 305 | Use Proxy | The requested resource must be accessed through the proxy given by the Location field. (Deprecated) |
| 307 | Temporary Redirect | The request should be repeated with another URI but future requests should still use the original URI. Method is preserved. |
| 308 | Permanent Redirect | The resource has been moved permanently. Method and body are preserved (unlike 301 where method may change). |
4xx Client Errors
| Code | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 400 | Bad Request | The server cannot process the request due to invalid syntax, missing parameters, or malformed request. |
| 401 | Unauthorized | Authentication is required. The client must authenticate itself to get the requested response. |
| 402 | Payment Required | Reserved for future use. Originally intended for digital payment systems. Used by some APIs for quota exceeded. |
| 403 | Forbidden | The client does not have access rights to the content. The server knows who the client is but refuses access. |
| 404 | Not Found | The server cannot find the requested resource. The URL is not recognized or the resource does not exist. |
| 405 | Method Not Allowed | The request method (GET, POST, etc.) is not supported for the requested resource. |
| 406 | Not Acceptable | The server cannot produce a response matching the list of acceptable values in the request's headers. |
| 407 | Proxy Authentication Required | Authentication must be done by a proxy. Similar to 401, but authentication is needed for a proxy. |
| 408 | Request Timeout | The server timed out waiting for the request. The client did not send a complete request in time. |
| 409 | Conflict | The request conflicts with the current state of the server (e.g., editing conflict, duplicate resource). |
| 410 | Gone | The requested resource has been permanently deleted and will not be available again. Clients should remove their caches. |
| 411 | Length Required | The server requires the Content-Length header to be specified in the request. |
| 412 | Precondition Failed | The client indicated preconditions in headers that the server does not meet. |
| 413 | Content Too Large | The request entity is larger than the server is willing or able to process. (Also: Payload Too Large) |
| 414 | URI Too Long | The URI requested by the client is longer than the server is willing to interpret. |
| 415 | Unsupported Media Type | The media format of the requested data is not supported by the server. |
| 416 | Range Not Satisfiable | The range specified by the Range header in the request cannot be fulfilled by the server. |
| 417 | Expectation Failed | The expectation indicated by the Expect request header cannot be met by the server. |
| 418 | I'm a Teapot | The server refuses to brew coffee because it is, permanently, a teapot. (April Fools RFC 2324) |
| 421 | Misdirected Request | The request was directed at a server that is not able to produce a response for the request URI. |
| 422 | Unprocessable Content | The request was well-formed but cannot be processed due to semantic errors. Common in REST APIs. (WebDAV) |
| 423 | Locked | The resource being accessed is locked (WebDAV). |
| 424 | Failed Dependency | The request failed because it depended on another request that also failed (WebDAV). |
| 425 | Too Early | The server is unwilling to risk processing a request that might be replayed (Early Data). |
| 426 | Upgrade Required | The server refuses to perform the request using the current protocol. Client must upgrade (e.g., to TLS). |
| 428 | Precondition Required | The origin server requires the request to be conditional to prevent lost update problems. |
| 429 | Too Many Requests | The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time (rate limiting). Retry after specified time. |
| 431 | Request Header Fields Too Large | The server refuses to process the request because its header fields are too large. |
| 451 | Unavailable For Legal Reasons | The server is denying access due to a legal demand (e.g., government censorship, court order). |
5xx Server Errors
| Code | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 500 | Internal Server Error | The server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request. |
| 501 | Not Implemented | The request method is not supported by the server and cannot be handled. |
| 502 | Bad Gateway | The server, acting as a gateway or proxy, received an invalid response from the upstream server. |
| 503 | Service Unavailable | The server is not ready to handle the request. Common for maintenance or overloaded servers. |
| 504 | Gateway Timeout | The server is acting as a gateway and cannot get a response in time from the upstream server. |
| 505 | HTTP Version Not Supported | The HTTP version used in the request is not supported by the server. |
| 506 | Variant Also Negotiates | The server has an internal configuration error: the chosen variant is configured to engage in transparent content negotiation itself. |
| 507 | Insufficient Storage | The server is unable to store the representation needed to complete the request (WebDAV). |
| 508 | Loop Detected | The server detected an infinite loop while processing the request (WebDAV). |
| 510 | Not Extended | Further extensions to the request are required for the server to fulfill it. |
| 511 | Network Authentication Required | The client needs to authenticate to gain network access (e.g., captive portals in WiFi). |
คำถามที่พบบ่อย
รหัสสถานะ HTTP คือตัวเลขสามหลักที่เซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่งกลับมาเพื่อตอบสนองต่อคำขอของไคลเอนต์ ตัวเลขเหล่านี้บ่งบอกว่าคำขอเสร็จสมบูรณ์ ถูกเปลี่ยนเส้นทาง หรือเกิดข้อผิดพลาด หลักแรกกำหนดประเภทของการตอบสนอง: 1xx (ข้อมูล), 2xx (สำเร็จ), 3xx (เปลี่ยนเส้นทาง), 4xx (ข้อผิดพลาดฝั่งไคลเอนต์) และ 5xx (ข้อผิดพลาดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์)
ข้อผิดพลาด 4xx บ่งชี้ว่าปัญหาเกิดจากฝั่งไคลเอนต์ เช่น คำขอมีรูปแบบไม่ถูกต้อง ไม่มีสิทธิ์ หรือไม่พบทรัพยากร ตัวอย่างทั่วไป: 400 (Bad Request), 401 (Unauthorized), 404 (Not Found) ข้อผิดพลาด 5xx บ่งชี้ว่าเซิร์ฟเวอร์พบปัญหาขณะพยายามตอบสนองต่อคำขอที่ถูกต้อง เป็นปัญหาฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์ เช่น 500 (Internal Server Error) หรือ 503 (Service Unavailable)
รหัสสถานะที่พบบ่อยที่สุดได้แก่: 200 OK (คำขอสำเร็จ), 201 Created (สร้างทรัพยากรแล้ว), 301 Moved Permanently (URL เปลี่ยนถาวร), 302 Found (เปลี่ยนเส้นทางชั่วคราว), 304 Not Modified (แคชยังใช้ได้), 400 Bad Request (ไวยากรณ์ผิดพลาด), 401 Unauthorized (ต้องการการยืนยันตัวตน), 403 Forbidden (เซิร์ฟเวอร์ปฏิเสธคำขอ), 404 Not Found (ไม่มีทรัพยากร) และ 500 Internal Server Error (ความล้มเหลวของเซิร์ฟเวอร์ทั่วไป)
การเปลี่ยนเส้นทาง 301 (Moved Permanently) แจ้งให้เบราว์เซอร์และเครื่องมือค้นหาทราบว่าทรัพยากรย้ายไปยัง URL ใหม่อย่างถาวร เครื่องมือค้นหาจะโอน "link equity" ด้าน SEO จาก URL เดิมไปยัง URL ใหม่ การเปลี่ยนเส้นทาง 302 (Found) บ่งชี้การย้ายชั่วคราว URL เดิมควรยังคงถูกจัดทำดัชนีและไม่มีการโอนค่า SEO ใช้ 301 สำหรับการเปลี่ยน URL ถาวร และ 302 เมื่อการเปลี่ยนเส้นทางเป็นเพียงชั่วคราว
204 No Content จะถูกส่งคืนเมื่อคำขอสำเร็จแต่ไม่มีเนื้อหาให้ส่งในส่วนตัวการตอบสนอง มักใช้กับคำขอ DELETE (ทรัพยากรถูกลบแล้ว ไม่มีอะไรต้องส่งคืน) คำขอ PUT หรือ PATCH ที่ไม่จำเป็นต้องส่งทรัพยากรที่อัปเดตกลับ และในการตอบสนอง CORS preflight ต่างจาก 200 OK ตรงที่เมื่อใช้ 204 ส่วนตัวการตอบสนองต้องว่างเปล่า