HTML Entities
รหัสทศนิยม hex และเอนทิตีที่มีชื่อสำหรับอักขระสงวน สัญลักษณ์ ลูกศร และอื่นๆ
Reserved Characters
| Decimal | Hex | Named | Char | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
&
|
& |
& |
& | Ampersand — must always be encoded in HTML |
<
|
< |
< |
< | Less-than — opens HTML tags |
>
|
> |
> |
> | Greater-than — closes HTML tags |
"
|
" |
" |
" | Double quote — use inside attribute values |
'
|
' |
' |
' | Single quote / apostrophe — no named entity in HTML4 |
/
|
/ |
/ |
/ | Forward slash — safe to use unencoded in most contexts |
Common Symbols
| Decimal | Hex | Named | Char | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
©
|
© |
© |
© | Copyright sign |
®
|
® |
® |
® | Registered trademark |
™
|
™ |
™ |
™ | Trademark symbol |
€
|
€ |
€ |
€ | Euro sign |
£
|
£ |
£ |
£ | Pound sterling sign |
¥
|
¥ |
¥ |
¥ | Yen / yuan sign |
§
|
§ |
§ |
§ | Section sign |
°
|
° |
° |
° | Degree sign |
±
|
± |
± |
± | Plus-minus sign |
×
|
× |
× |
× | Multiplication sign |
÷
|
÷ |
÷ |
÷ | Division sign |
²
|
² |
² |
² | Superscript two / squared |
³
|
³ |
³ |
³ | Superscript three / cubed |
Arrows
| Decimal | Hex | Named | Char | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
←
|
← |
← |
← | Leftwards arrow |
→
|
→ |
→ |
→ | Rightwards arrow |
↑
|
↑ |
↑ |
↑ | Upwards arrow |
↓
|
↓ |
↓ |
↓ | Downwards arrow |
↔
|
↔ |
↔ |
↔ | Left-right arrow |
⇐
|
⇐ |
⇐ |
⇐ | Leftwards double arrow |
⇒
|
⇒ |
⇒ |
⇒ | Rightwards double arrow |
⇔
|
⇔ |
⇔ |
⇔ | Left-right double arrow |
Mathematical
| Decimal | Hex | Named | Char | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
∑
|
∑ |
∑ |
∑ | Summation / sigma |
√
|
√ |
√ |
√ | Square root radical sign |
∞
|
∞ |
∞ |
∞ | Infinity symbol |
π
|
π |
π |
π | Greek letter pi |
≈
|
≈ |
≈ |
≈ | Almost equal to |
≠
|
≠ |
≠ |
≠ | Not equal to |
≤
|
≤ |
≤ |
≤ | Less than or equal to |
≥
|
≥ |
≥ |
≥ | Greater than or equal to |
±
|
± |
± |
± | Plus or minus |
Smart Quotes & Dashes
| Decimal | Hex | Named | Char | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
“
|
“ |
“ |
“ | Left double quotation mark (opening) |
”
|
” |
” |
” | Right double quotation mark (closing) |
‘
|
‘ |
‘ |
‘ | Left single quotation mark (opening) |
’
|
’ |
’ |
’ | Right single quotation mark (closing) |
—
|
— |
— |
— | Em dash — used for parenthetical clauses |
–
|
– |
– |
– | En dash — used in ranges (pages 5–10) |
Whitespace
| Decimal | Hex | Named | Char | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 
|
  |
|
[nbsp] | Non-breaking space — prevents line break |
 
|
  |
  |
[ensp] | En space — width of letter n |
 
|
  |
  |
[emsp] | Em space — width of letter m |
 
|
  |
  |
[thinsp] | Thin space — about 1/5 of em |