Zahlensysteme Cheat Sheet
Binär, Hex, Zweierpotenzen, Bitoperatoren und Farbcodes — Kurzreferenz
Decimal ↔ Binary
| Pattern | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
0
|
0000 — Zero, all bits off | Zero — all bits off |
1
|
0001 — One | One |
2
|
0010 — Two | Two |
4
|
0100 — Power of 2 (2²) | Power of 2 (2²) |
8
|
1000 — Power of 2 (2³) | Power of 2 (2³) |
16
|
0001 0000 — Power of 2 (2⁴) | Power of 2 (2⁴) |
32
|
0010 0000 — Power of 2 (2⁵) | Power of 2 (2⁵) |
64
|
0100 0000 — Power of 2 (2⁶) | Power of 2 (2⁶) |
128
|
1000 0000 — Max value of signed byte | Max value of signed byte |
255
|
1111 1111 — Max value of unsigned byte (0xFF) | Max value of unsigned byte (0xFF) |
Powers of 2
| Pattern | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
2⁰
|
1 | 1 bit |
2¹
|
2 | — |
2²
|
4 | — |
2³
|
8 | — |
2⁴
|
16 | — |
2⁵
|
32 | — |
2⁶
|
64 | — |
2⁷
|
128 | — |
2⁸
|
256 | 1 byte combinations |
2¹⁰
|
1,024 | 1 KB |
2²⁰
|
1,048,576 | 1 MB |
2³⁰
|
1,073,741,824 | 1 GB |
Hex ↔ Decimal
| Pattern | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
0x0
|
0 — Zero | Zero |
0x1–0x9
|
1–9 — Same as decimal | Same as decimal |
0xA
|
10 | — |
0xB
|
11 | — |
0xC
|
12 | — |
0xD
|
13 | — |
0xE
|
14 | — |
0xF
|
15 — Max single hex digit | Max single hex digit |
0xFF
|
255 — Max byte | Used in colors (#FFFFFF) |
0x100
|
256 | — |
0x7F
|
127 — Max signed byte | Max signed byte |
0x80
|
128 — Min negative signed byte | Min negative signed byte |
Number Base Prefixes
| Pattern | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
0b...
|
Binary (base 2) | 0b1010 = 10 |
0o...
|
Octal (base 8) | 0o12 = 10 |
(none)
|
Decimal (base 10) | 42 |
0x...
|
Hexadecimal (base 16) | 0xFF = 255 |
%
|
Binary (assembly) | %1010 = 10 |
h suffix
|
Hex (assembly) | FFh = 255 |
0 prefix
|
Octal (C/C++) | 012 = 10 |
#
|
Hex (CSS colors) | #FF5733 |
Bitwise Operators
| Pattern | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
&
|
AND — bits both 1 → 1 | 0b1100 & 0b1010 = 0b1000 |
|
|
OR — at least one bit 1 → 1 | 0b1100 | 0b1010 = 0b1110 |
^
|
XOR — bits differ → 1 | 0b1100 ^ 0b1010 = 0b0110 |
~
|
NOT — flip all bits | ~0b1010 = 0b0101 |
<<
|
Left shift — multiply by 2^n | 1 << 3 = 8 |
>>
|
Right shift — divide by 2^n | 16 >> 2 = 4 |
Common Hex Color Values
| Pattern | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
#000000
|
Black | color: #000000 |
#FFFFFF
|
White | background: #FFFFFF |
#FF0000
|
Red | — |
#00FF00
|
Green (lime) | — |
#0000FF
|
Blue | — |
#FF6600
|
Orange | — |
#808080
|
Gray (50%) | opacity equivalent |
#CCCCCC
|
Light gray | borders |
#333333
|
Dark gray | body text |
rgba(r,g,b,a)
|
Red Green Blue Alpha | CSS: rgba(255,0,0,0.5) |